Database Tables for SAP QM

Important SAP QM Tables (Quality Management)

Important SAP QM Tables for QM Master Data

SAP QM Tables for Quality Management Master data are:

Table	Description
QMAT	Inspection type – material parameters
QMHU	QM Link Between Inspection Lot and Handling Unit Item
QMTB	Inspection method master record
QMTT	Inspection Method Texts
QPAC	Inspection catalog codes for selected sets
QPAM	Inspection catalog selected sets
QPMK	Inspection characteristic master
QPMT	Master Inspection Characteristics Texts
QPMZ	Assignment table – insp. methods/master insp. characteristic
TQ01D	Authorization groups for QM master data
TQ01E	Text authorization groups for QM master data
TQ21	Assignment of screens to screen groups
TQ25	QM:screen sequence for master and inspection characteristics

Important SAP QM Tables QM Catalog

The main SAP QM Tables for Quality Management Catalog are:

Table	Description
QPCD	Inspection catalog codes
QPCT	Code texts
QPGR	Inspection catalog code groups
QPGT	Code group texts
TQ07	Follow-Up Action for Usage Decision of Inspection Lot
TQ07A	QM: Function Modules for Follow-Up Action
TQ07T	Language-dependent texts for Table TQ07
TQ15	Inspection catalog type index
TQ15T	Language-dependent texts for table TQ15
TQ17	Defect classes
TQ17T	Language-dependent texts for table TQ17

Sample Determination

Sample Determination is based on these SAP QM Tables:

Table	Description
QDEB	Allwd. Relationships: Sampling Procedures/Dynamic Mod. Rules
QDEBT	Allowed combinations of procedures/dynamic mod. rules: texts
QDPA	Sampling scheme-instructions
QDPK	Sampling scheme header
QDPKT	Sampling scheme: texts
QDPP	Sampling scheme item
QDQL	Quality level

Inspection Char

Inspection Char in Quality Management Data model are based on the following SAP QM Tables

Table	Description
TQ17A	Weighting of Char
TQ11	Inspection Qualification
TQ29	Tolerance Keys
T006	Unit of measurement

Dynamic Modification

Table	Description
QDBM	Valuation mode
QDBMT	Valuation Mode: Texts
QDDR	Dynamic modification rule (header)
QDDRT	Dynamic modification rule: texts
QDEP	Allowed inspection severities
QDEPT	Allowed Inspection Severities: Texts
QDFB	Function modules for the individual procedure categories
QDFBT	Function Modules for Procedure: Texts
QDFM	Function modules for valuation mode
QDFMT	Function Modules for Valuation Mode: Texts
QDPS	Inspection stages for a dynamic modification rule
QDPST	Inspection Stages: Texts
QDSA	Sampling type
QDSAT	Sampling Type: Texts
QDSV	Sampling procedure
QDSVT	Sampling Procedure: Texts
TQ39B	QM : Activates reference for dyn. modification level

Graphics & SPC

Table	Description
QASH	Quality control chart
QAST	Control chart track
QPSH	Control chart types
QPSHT	Texts for control chart types
QPSP	SPC criterion
QPSPT	Texts for SPC criteria
QPST	Control chart track
QPSTT	Texts for control chart tracks

Specifications

Table	Description
QMSP	QM: material specification

Inspection Plan

Main SAP QM Tables for Inspection Plan are :

Table	Description
MAPL	Material Assignment
PLPO	Operation Details
PLMK	Inspection plan characteristics
PLMW	MAPL-Dependent Charac. Specifications (Inspection Plan)
TQ03	QSS: Control for Screen Texts/TABLE NOT USED (Rel. 4.6)
TQ29A	Dependency tolerance key – nominal measurement
TQ72	Type of share calculation
TQ72T	Texts for type of share calculation
TQ75	QM formula parameters
TQ75F	Field names for QM formulas
TQ75K	Short text for Table TQ75F
TQ75T	Description of formula parameters

Qm in procurement

Procurement SAP QM Tables Diagram is based on :

Table	Description
TQ02	QM system definition
TQ02A	QM system assignment and QM system requirements
TQ02B	QM system
TQ02T	QM system description
TQ02U	Description QM system
TQ04A	Functions that can be blocked
TQ04S	QM block functions : texts
TQ05	QM certificate categories for procurement
TQ05T	QM: text table for certificate types
TQ08	Control of QM in procurement
TQ08T	QM: text for QM procurement keys
TQ09	QM: agreement of QM document types
TQ09T	QM: agreement of QM document types
TQ32A	Inspection type to status assignment from status profile

QM in SD

Table	Description
TQ32B	Find insp.type for quality insp. for delivery note

Inspection lot

Table	Description
QALS	Inspection lot record
QALT	Partial lot
T156Q	Movement Type: Material-Independent Control
TQ30	Inspection types
TQ30T	Texts for inspection types
TQ32	Assignment of inspection type to origin
TQ32C	Lot creation allowed values for the origin
TQ32C	_T Texts for lot creation indicator
TQ33	Relevant fields for origin
TQ34	Default values for inspection type

Important SAP QM Tables for Inspection point

Table	Description
QAPP	Inspection point
TQ79	Table with inspection point/user field combinations
TQ79T	Key words for inspection point user fields

Important SAP QM Tables for Results Recording

Table	Description
QAES	Sample unit table
QAKL	Results table for value classes
QAMR	Characteristic results during inspection processing
QAMV	Characteristic specifications for inspection processing
QASE	Results table for the sample unit
QASR	Sample results for inspection characteristics
QASV	Sample specifications for inspection processing
TQ12	Ind. external numbering for test units in results recording
TQ12T	Texts for the ind. for ext. numbering of units to be insp.
TQ70	Control table for results recording
TQ70C	Function codes for navigation from the char.overview screen
TQ70E	Screen-based processing tables
TQ70F	Navigation during results recording
TQ70S	Characteristic overview screen for results recording
TQ73	Origin of results data
TQ73T	Texts for origin of results data
TQ74	Recording configuration
TQ74T	Recording configuration
TQ76	Processing status of inspection characteristics
TQ76T	Texts for the processing status of insp. characteristics
TQ77	Attributes for the Inspection Characteristic
TQ77T	Text Tables for Attributes
TQ78	Status-dependent processing table for insp. characteristics
TQ78T	Texts for the status-specific proc. table for insp. char.

Important SAP QM Tables for Defects recording

Table	Description
TQ84	Confirmation profile
TQ84T	Text table for confirmation profile
TQ86	Report category for defects recording
TQ86A	Assignment report category for work center
TQ86T	Text table for report category
V_T352B_F	Generated table for view V_T352B_F

Important SAP QM Tables for Usage decision

SAP QM Tables for Usage Decision are:

Table	Description
QAMB	QM: Link Between Inspection Lot and Material Document
QAVE	Inspection processing: Usage decision
TQ06	Procedure for Calculating the Quality Score
TQ06T	Language-specific texts for Table TQ06
TQ07M	QM: Inventory postings with usage decision

Important SAP QM Tables for Sample Mgmt

Sample Management in SAP QM TAbles model is:

Table	Description
QPRN	Sample drawing of phys. samples
QPRS	Master record for phys. samples
QPRVK	Sample-drawing procedure
QPRVK	T Header for sample drawing procedure texts
QPRVP	Sample-drawing items
QPRVP	T Items for sample drawing procedure texts
TQ40	Definition of sample types
TQ40T	Text table for sample type
TQ41	Storage locations for physical samples
TQ41T	Texts for storage locations
TQ42	Physical sample containers
TQ42T	Texts for phys. sample containers

Important SAP QM Tables for QMIS

Table	Description
S068	Vendor statistics
S069	Material statistics
S097	QM notifications: Matl anal.
S098	QM notification: Vendor anal.
S099	QM notifications: Cust. anal.
S100	Problems: Material analysis
S102	Problems: Vendor analysis
S103	Problems: Customer analysis
S104	Customer statistics
S161	Inspection results: General
S162	Quantitative insp. results
S163	Quant. Insp. Result: Vendor
S164	Quant. Insp. Result: Vendor
S165	Inspection result: gen. custs
S166	Insp. Results: Quant. Customer
TQ55	Assign inspection lot origin for update group
TQ56	Definition of quality score classes
TQ56T	Text table for the definition of quality score classes
TQ57	Assignment of quality score key to info structure

Important SAP QM Tables for Quality Certificates

Table	Description
QCPR	QM quality certificates in procurement
I000	Conditions for certificate profile
KONDI	Conditions: Data part for certificates
QCVK	Certificate profile header
QCVM	Certificate profile characteristic level
QCVMT	Certificate profile characteristic level: texts
QCVV	Certificate Profile: List of Preliminary Products
TQ61	Result value origin for certificates
TQ61T	Origin of result values for certificates: texts
TQ62	Output strategy for skip characteristics
TQ62T	Output strategy for skip characteristics: texts
TQ63	Origin of insp. specs for certificates (function modules)
TQ63T	Origin of inspection specifications for certificates: texts
TQ64	Origin of characteristic short text for certificates
TQ64T	Origin of characteristic short text for certificates: texts
TQ65	Certificates: Combinations allowed for origins and specs/values
TQ67	Certificate-Relevant Output Types

Important SAP QM Tables for Quality Notification

Quality Notification in SAP Quality Management are stored in these SAP QM Tables:

Table	Description
QMEL	Notification header
QMFE	Item
QMSM	Task
QMMA	Activities
T352C	Catalog types for each catalog profile
TQ81	Notification Scenario
TQ81V	Usage of parts
TQ81V_T	Texts for usage of parts
TQ81_T	Texts for Notification Scenarios
TQ82	Change of Notification Type
TQ83	Partner Functions for Codes
TQ85	Function table for follow-up functions
TQ85R	Rules for Follow-Up Functions
TQ85_	T Action box text table
TQ8CO	Assignment of reference orders to notification type

Other Objects

Here a list of SAP QM related tables. This list contains list of main SAP Tables used in SAP QM and other SAP modules:

Table	Description
MARA	Material Number
T001W	Plant
LFA1	Vendor
KNA1	Customer
AUFK	Order Number
SAFK	Run Schedule Header Number
MCH1	Batch Number
MCHA	Batch Record
EKKO	Purchasing Document Header
EKPO	Purchasing document Item
EKET	Delivery Schedule
VBUK	Delivery Header
VBUP	Delivery Item
CSKS	Cost Center
EQUI	Equipment Number

In-Process Inspection SAP QM: CO01 & QA32

In-process inspection (time-based) is used for recording the result for an in-process quality check for the intermediate and finished product during the production process.

The "Inprocess inspection" lot will have a reference to a production order in SAP system.

Inspection lot will be generated at the time of production order release. The inspection type for in-process inspection is '03'.

NOTE: This type of inspection will not control the inventory, but control the production process.

In-process inspection has following process steps, like

• Creation of inspection lots at process Order release

Inspection lot creation in SAP system will be generated automatically at the time of production order release.

• Listing of Inspection lot

To list Inspection lots, you may use the transaction code QA33. The search criteria can be,

1. Material (s)
2. Inspection lot creation date
3. Inspection dates
4. Plant
5. Inspection type 03

• Assign Task list to inspection lot

Task list will be automatically assigned from the routing of material.

• Sample calculation

If sampling procedure is attached with the characteristics in the quality operation of the master recipe, the SAP system will automatically calculate the sample during the time of lot creation / plant assignment in case of multiple plans available for a material.

• Result recording

Result recording will be done against the inspection lot created against the production order.

All the characteristics will be shown in the SAP recording screen for input. The SAP system will give an f4 search for getting code values for attribute inspection.

For quantitative data, based on tolerance limit (upper and lower), the SAP system will propose the valuation. In both cases, the inspector can accept or reject the proposal (Manually).

• Usage Decision

When we make the usage decision, you decide whether to accept or reject the goods in the inspection lot based on the results of the inspection. Once you have made the usage decision, the inspection is completed. Stock posting is restricted to the in-process inspection.

How to create and release production Order

In this SAP transaction, we will create and release production order, which will trigger quality inspection lot in SAP system.

Step 1) From SAP Easy access menu, open Transaction code CO01, and enter the following details.

1. Input the material code for which production order needs to be created.

1. Input production plant in SAP screen.

1. Enter your production Order type.

After filling in all the fields, click or press Enter to go to the next SAP screen.

Step 2) In the next SAP screen enter following details.

1. Input the production quantity in SAP screen.

1. Select "Current date" from the drop down box.

1. Press "release" button to release the order.

Now, we will check if inspection lot has been generated by clicking "Assignment" tab and moved to the next SAP screen.

Step 3) In this SAP screen,

1. You can see the inspection lot triggered on the release of production Order.

After checking the inspection lot, save the order by clicking save button.

How to do Result Recording

Step 1) From SAP Easy access menu, open Transaction code QA32.

Here, we will do in process inspection of the material and record the results against inspection specification.

1. Enter Plant Code in SAP screen.

1. Enter inspection lot origin as "03" which is standard SAP inspection type used for in-process inspection.

1. Press Execute to display the list of inspection lot.

Step 2) In this SAP screen,

1. You can see the inspection lot generated in earlier steps along with material

1. Check the SAP system status as REL CALC which indicates that inspection specifications are copied in inspection lot and the sample size is calculated. We cannot see SPRQ status (Stock Posting) here, as it is not applicable/required to transfer quality stock to any unrestricted or other stock category for in process inspection.

1. Press "Results" button and move to next SAP screen to do results recording.

Step 3) In this SAP screen, you will see the result of inspection lot is generated.

1. You can see the short text of the qualitative Master Inspection characteristics like "Visual."

1. You can see a sample size of "5" calculated automatically by the SAP system if sampling procedure is assigned in the inspection plan.

1. Enter your actual results manually against the inspection specifications.

Press save button to save the inspection results.

How to do usage decision

Step 1) From SAP Easy access screen, open same Transaction QA32 with which we have done results recording in the previous step.

Here, we will do usage decision against inspection lot, and the decision is taken whether inspection lot should be accepted or rejected.

Follow the following steps in SAP screen,

1. Enter Plant Code.

1. Enter inspection lot origin as "03" which is a standard SAP inspection type used for in process inspection.

1. Press execute button to display the list of inspection lot along with lot quantity.

Step 2) In this SAP screen,

1. Press usage decision button to move to next screen

Step 3) In this SAP screen,

1. Select UD code as "A" for acceptance of the lot and you can see the quality score as "100" based on Usage Decision code. You can see that there is no "Inspection lot stock" tab to do any stock posting as we saw in the raw material inspection.

Press save button to save the usage decision and hence in process inspection is completed.

In next SAP QM tutorial, we will see how to perform final Inspection after production.

Troubleshooting

• Inspection characteristics from routing data must be copied to inspection lot, without which we will not be able to do result recording and usage decision.
• If inspection characteristics are added in routing after inspection lot, then inspection lot will get CRTD status. In such case, we need to manually assign inspection specifications to change status from created (CRTD) to released (REL). After Inspection lot is released, then we can perform result recording and usage decision.
• The sampling procedure must be assigned in the inspection plan to do any result recording while the usage decision is done manually. We need to calculate the sample in the inspection lot.

Introduction to SAP QM

What is SAP QM or Quality Management?

SAP QM is a key module of SAP ERP and can be used for following

Quality planning

• Basic master data for Quality Management
• Inspection planning using inspection plans of materials, which brings standardization of quality planning.

Quality assurance

• SAP Quality inspection is performed through inspection lot processing. During this process quality results are captured, and usage decision is taken to accept or reject the inspection lot.
• Quality certificates of analysis

Quality control

• In SAP QM Quality notifications the root cause analysis is done for the identified defect.
• SAP QM information system is where you can analyze various reports like vendor evaluation, a list of quality notification, quality charts, etc.

SAP QM- Business Processes

1. Quality Management in Procurement

SAP Quality Management is fully integrated with the purchasing and Inventory Management process.
It consists of receiving inspection wherein material is received against the purchase order. Inspection lot is triggered if the material is flagged for quality check.
Quality results are entered against master inspection characteristics. Whether the results are within/out of tolerance limits, based on that usage decision (accept/reject inspection lot) is taken.

Stock posting from quality to other stock categories needs to be done subsequently in SAP system.

2. Quality Management in Production

SAP Quality Management is used to connect with the production and Inventory Management process.
It describes "In process inspections" where inspection lot is triggered on production order release.
In "inspection after production", inspection lot is triggered after goods receipt is posted from production order.
"In process inspections" are not relevant to inventory whereas inspection after production involves stock posting from quality to other stock categories.
This process describes inspection lot processing wherein quality results are entered against master inspection characteristics. Usage decision ( accept/reject) is taken depending on the quality results.

3. Quality Notifications

In this process, you can see how defects found during a quality inspection are analysed and captured in a SAP quality notification.
Here, we do record the root cause analysis of the problems found during inspection to avoid its re-occurrence.
For SAP QM inprocess inspections also, we can raise internal quality notification and record our problem analysis.

Benefits of SAP QM

SAP QM provides lot of benefits for any company at various levels, for example through:

• Quality integration with procurement and production and hence more control over the process.
• Planning support ( usage of inspection plans )
• Monitoring of vendor and customer complaints by implementing corrective tasks in SAP QM quality notifications.
• Automation of quality certificates which are printed during sales delivery to customers.

Next, we will look into each phase of SAP QM and learn how to operate SAP QM module.